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Note: The traditional knowledge examples given below are just an indicative/illustrative sample. Herbal practices similar to the ones given below may also have been received from other people from same/ different parts of the country.
Uses from NIF DatabaseChest Pain
Take one spoonful bark powder along with water - Kora Minnana, Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
HeadacheExtract juice from the bark (20g) and take it orally - Prishila Tuddu, Hazaribag, Jharkhand
StomachacheExtract juice from the bark (20g) and take it orally- Prishila Tuddu, Hazaribag, Jharkhand
Gastric problemsGrind few leaves with black pepper. Take the paste orally before food- Indra Kanta Ojha, Sibsagar, Assam
FeverGrind bark (50g) into a powder and take it with water thrice a day- Kutuva Birhorni, Koderma, Jharkhand
Skin diseaseApply the leaf juice topically - Arun Kumar Pandey, Fatehpur, Uttar Pradesh
Intestinal wormsTake the green leaf juice orally- Jagjit Bahadur, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh
DiabetesTake the root juice (150ml) orally- Maibum Lolito Meitei, Bishempur, Manipur
VomitingTake the decoction of root orally- Alice Kunjachan, Idukki, Kerala
StomachacheGrind the fresh roots along with one black pepper. Take two spoonfuls of the paste twice a day for two days- Chhoti Devi, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand
Uses described in LiteratureThe bark is used to cure skin diseases and rheumatism20; the root juice is taken with milk to cure leprosy20; fresh bark is put in water to draw out the latex, which is taken orally in case of tuberculosis21; dried powder is administered orally to cure diarrhoea22; and bark extract is useful in case of intestinal worms23. ‘Ayush-64 cap./tab.’24, nprepared from the plant, is effective as an antimalarial compound both for treatment and prophylaxis. Fifteen patents have been found on its medicinal uses as an antipyretic25.